Shopping and commercial areas reflect the economy and the image of the city. As per the Economic Survey of Delhi 2001-2002, there were about 2.3 lakhs retail enterprises in Delhi with an employment of 5.4 lakhs engaged in trade, commerce and allied services. It is expected that the number of enterprises in retail trade are likely to increase to about 4.15 lakhs by 2021 and the corresponding employment is likely to increase to about 9.63 lakhs. In addition to these, large number of enterprises in sectors such as restaurants and hotels, finance & insurance, real estate & business operate from commercial centres. This indicates the predominance of retail and allied service activities in the economic structure of the city.
The major changes in the economic structure are due to liberalization of the economy, entry of multinational companies in the consumer sector, improved telecommunication system, increased per capita income and the purchasing power of the people.
Residential areas and streets / stretches earlier declared as commercial areas / streets or where commercial use was allowed in MPD-1962 shall continue such use at least to the extent as permissible in MPD-1962. Commercial activity existing from prior to 1962 in residential areas are also permitted subject to documentary proof thereof.
The following five-tier system of Commercial Areas is envisaged to accommodate required shopping, commercial office and other service activities like cinema, hotel and restaurant and various community services and facilities in an integrated manner.
In addition, some components of commercial use are also provided under mixed use, non-hierarchical commercial centres, and informal sector in the selected areas along the MRTS corridor.
Table 5.1 : Five-Tier System of Commercial Areas
Tier
I
II
III
IV
V
Population
About 5 lakhs
About 1 lakh
About 10,000
About 5,000
Metropolitan City Centre (Pertains to already developed Central Business District)
District Centre
Community Centre
Local Shopping Centre
Convenience Shopping Centre
Area (Ha.)
-
40
4.0
0.3
0.1
Activities Permitted
Retail Shopping,Stockists and dealers of medicines and drugs, Commercial and Offices of local bodies, PSUs, Cinema, Cineplex, Hotels, Restaurants, Banquet Halls, Socio-Cultural activities / Recreational Club, Service Apptts, Coaching Centres / Training Institutes, Police Post, Fire Post. Tel. Exchange, Post Telegraph Office, Petrol Pump / CNG Station, Bus Terminal, Informal Trade.
Retail Shopping,Stockists and dealers of medicines and drugs, Commercial and Offices of local bodies, PSUs, Cinema, Cineplex,Hotels,Restaurants,BanquetHalls,Socio-Cultural activities / Recreational Club,Service Apptts,Coaching Centres /Training Institutes, Police Post,Fire Post. Tel. Exchange, Post Telegraph Office, Petrol Pump / CNG Stn.,Bus Terminal,Repair Services,Bank ATM,Guest House,Nursing Home,Informal Trade.
Retail Shopping, Stockists and dealers of medicines and drugs,Commercial and Offices of local bodies,PSUs,Cinema,Cineplex Hotels,Service Apptts Restaurants,Banquet halls,Guest House,Nursing Home, Dispensary, Clinical Lab.Clinic Poly Clinic, Coaching Centres / Training Institutes, Police Post, Post Office, Petrol Pump / CNG Station, Repair / Services,Bank, ATM, Informal Trade, Multi level parking.
Retail Shopping, Stockists and dealers of medicines and drugs, Commercial Offices, Clinical Laboratory, Clinic Poly Clinic, Repair / Services, Bank, ATM, Guest House, Nursing Home, Informal Trade. Coaching Centres / Training Institutes, Restaurant.
Retail Shopping ,Local level service activities. Repair, Office ,Bank , ATM, Informal Trade, Restaurant.
Notes
i)
Besides the above, retail shopping of desired level shall also be provided in all work centres and transportation nodes.
ii)
Utilities, Public Conveniences shall be provided as per requirement.
iii)
Service & Repair and Informal activities should be provided as Service markets and Informal bazaar.
iv)
The mandatory requirement of parking as per prescribed standards would be met through multi level.
parking as far as possible in Metropolitan City Centre, District Centre and Community Centre.
The existing CBDs are Connaught Place and its Extension, commercial areas in Walled City and its Extension and Karol Bagh. These have all the necessary ingredients to emerge as Metropolitan City Centres.
These Metropolitan City Centres, need to be seen in the light of the historical legacy of the pre-colonial and post-colonial capital cities of the so called old and new Delhi, are envisaged as a city level centre for shopping, entertainment, socio-cultural and all other activities indicated in respect of District Centres. A comprehensively planned and attractive built environment will therefore need to be conceptualized and implemented to develop these as unique centres and major attraction of the city, apart from their commercial and social value for the citizens.
The Urban Design guidelines for Metropolitan City Centre are given in Chapter 11.0 Urban Design.
The development of the Metropolitan City Centre in harmony with the existing urban form of the classical Connaught Circus and multi-storeyed buildings in its extension is envisaged to bring in visual integration in the overall urban form.
The areas included in the Metropolitan City Centre would be Connaught Place & Extension (Janpath, Sansad Marg, Baba Kharag Singh Marg, Panchkuian Road, Barakhamba Road, Kasturba Gandhi Marg), Gole Market, Mandi House, Pragati Maidan, Indraprastha Estate.
An integrated plan incorporating urban design, landscape, traffic and transportation schemes, safe pedestrian walkways, parking areas, recreational and cultural areas etc. is to be prepared for its development.
The commercial areas in Shahjahanabad (Walled City) and Extensions would be delineated in Special Area / Zonal Plan (as provided for in para 16.3 (5)). These traditional areas need to be treated carefully and sensitively in view of their high density and multiple uses. The aim is to revitalize the glory of Walled city and its economic & tourism potential.
Commercial area of Karol Bagh has become one of the important centre in the Special Area, for which development norms / regulations have been given in Chapter 17.0 Development Code.
The District Centres are meant to serve as the apex of the multi-nodal activities of the community, which should be conceived as major shopping centers, while serving the community with a reasonable variety of other services and facilities and also centres of socio-cultural activity where the community can get together. MPD-2001 proposed two sub CBDs with norms of District Centres (namely Shahadara and in Urban Extension). These are now proposed to be dealt as District Centres. The emphasis in these centers should be on commerce and their related activities.
The District Centres already developed or in advanced stages of development are:
Nehru Place
RajendraPlace
BhikajiCamaPlace
Janakpuri
v)
LaxmiNagar
vi)
ShivajiPlace(RajaGarden)
vii)
Jhandewalan
viii)
NetajiSubhashPlace(Wazirpur)
ix)
Saket
x)
ManglamPlace(Rohini)
These centres were developed on the basis of integrated schemes and some of these need upgradation in terms of infrastructure, parking spaces, hawking plazas, physical infrastructure and built environment. The implementing agency / land owning agency can undertake review of the schemes for their upgradation and optimum utilisation of land. The implementing agency should formulate action plans by involving developers and owners associations to improve the environment through self-sustaining schemes, which should include provisions for their subsequent maintenance and upkeep.
Other District Centres in Delhi Urban Area (DUA)-2001, in the process of development yet to be developed are as indicated below:
Trans Yamuna Area- Shahdra
Rohini - Twin District Centre
Peeragarhi (Rohtak Road)
Paschim Vihar
Shalimar Bagh
Dheerpur Extension (Jahangirpuri)
Majnu ka Tila (Khyber Pass)
Dilshad Garden
Shastri Park (Shahdara)
Mayur Vihar
xi)
Rohini Ph-III / IV / V
xii)
Dwarka
xiii)
Narela
Besides the above District Centres, the following Non Hierarchical Commercial Centres shall be developed with specific schemes for each centre:
Commercial Centre at Asaf Ali Road
Commercial Centre adjoining Metropolitan Passenger Terminal ,Okhla (Jasola)
Commercial Centre Laxmi Bai Nagar
Commercial Centre, Nehru Nagar (Near Ring Rail)
The following other existing non-hierarchical commercial centres, which are also providing services at city level, would also need to be redeveloped:
Central market - Lajpat Nagar
INA market
Sarojini Nagar market
Any other area as may be identified.
The development control norms for the above areas shall be as per approved schemes and any enhancement in FAR wherever approved shall be subject to charging appropriate levies from the beneficiaries.
5.6.1 The Community Centres should be conceived as shopping and business centres catering to the needs of the population at community level. These centres may have Retail Shopping, Commercial and Government Offices, Local Body / Public Sector Undertaking offices, Cinema / Cineplexes, Hotels, Restaurants, Banquet halls and Guest House, Nursing Home, Dispensary, Clinical Laboratory, Clinic & Poly Clinic facilities together with other community facilities as indicated in table 5.1.
In Urban Extension, District Centres and Community Centres could be developed wherever possible, in a linear form as commercial cum facility corridors along major transport networks. Such corridors will have non-residential uses like Commercial, Recreational, Public and Semi public, Utilities, Service and Repair, etc. with detailed Urban Design and landscape schemes. The aim is to prevent unintended and unplanned ribbon development. The proposed MRTS stations and bus terminals, as the case may be, shall be integrated within these facility corridors.
In case of Urban Extensions it is proposed to combine and integrate LSC and CSC atneighborhood level to ensure their location within walkable distance.
Delhi is emerging as an international centre of education, health care, tourism, sports and business, which require complimentary facilities such as hotels catering to various economic groups. Such uses are proposed as part of commercial use (Community Centres and above), Public Semi-Public facilities, wholesale markets, transport nodes, etc.
To cater to low tariff accommodation, a hierarchy of Guest House, Lodging and Boarding House / Dharamshala / Hostel have been proposed under respective land uses.
Hotel is permitted in Commercial Use Zone, Commercial Centres in Industrial Use Zone, and Transport Nodes (ISBT, Bus Depot/ Terminal, Railway Station, Airport, Integrated 55 Freight Complex, Metropolitan Passenger Terminal) and other use zones - where already existing and where building plans are approved by the Competent Authority. The maximum ground coverage and FAR in such cases shall be as per the sanctioned building plans but in no case exceeding the permissible ground coverage and FAR of that use zone. This is subject to the provision of parking as per norms.
Special attention is required for the low turnover and space extensive shops for fruits and vegetables, service and repair, junk and scrap materials (kabari), building materials, automobile workshops etc. The grouping of such activities with planned retail markets leads to conversion of shops into high profit commercial activity. To avoid continuance of this situation, about 10% of the unutilized sites of LSC / CSC are proposed to be converted into Service Markets.
In Urban Extensions, sites for such service markets at two levels should be established in the initial stages of development to avoid unauthorized ribbon development and misuse of residential premises.
Table 5.2: Norms for Service Markets & Organised Informal Bazaars
Sub City level (DC / CC)
Community Level (LSC / CC)
About 100,000
Service Market
Area (ha.)
6.0
0.2
Service and repair activites as specified in Industries chapter. Retail and Limited Wholesale for low turnover activities, like Auto workshops, Fruit & vegetable, General Merchandise, Hardware and Building materials, Gas Godowns.
Service and repair activities as specified in the Industries chapter. Low turnover activities, like Auto workshops, Fruit & vegetable, General Merchandise, Hardware and Building materials, Kabari.
Informal Bazaar
5.0
Informal shops, Weekly markets,Organised eating places, Handicraft bazaar, used Book/Furniture/Building materials bazaar, Cycle & Rickshaw repairs, Kabari, etc.
Informal shops, Weekly markets, Handicraft bazaar, Cycle & Rickshaw repair, Kabari, etc.
Note: Utilities, Public Conveniences shall be provided as per requirement.
Large sections of unemployed and under employed population in rural areas and small towns look forward to the metropolitan cities like Delhi for employment and enter the city to move up the economy ladder. This brings forth a multitude of small enterprises and petty trading activities in the informal sector. Thus, a metropolis like Delhi has organized sector and an equally large informal sector. This sector with highly reduced needs of floor space and investment is important as a source of employment and services in the economic fabric of the city.
A survey conducted by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics on unorganized trading activity in Delhi estimated the total number of unorganized trading enterprises as 2 lakh and the number of persons employed about as 3.18 lakh. The contribution of this sector, which is measured in terms of Gross Value added to the economy of Delhi, was estimated at Rs. 1.01 lakh per enterprise per annum.
The informal sector units locate themselves strategically near work centres, commercial areas, outside the boundaries of schools colleges, hospitals and transport nodes and near large housing clusters. A very high percentage of this activity has been observed in the Walled city, Trans Yamuna area and old commercial areas. A large number of units are mobile in nature.
Keeping in view the National Policy on Urban Street vendors the following provisions are made:
The location / concentration of present stationary informal units shall be considered on case to case basis and steps for relocation / improvement shall be taken. It should be ensured that such activities do not spill over on the right of way. The Government / concerned local agency should coordinate the policy.
The areas of informal sector shall have suitable public conveniences and solid waste disposal arrangements.
Formulation of guidelines for schemes would include 'Hawking' and 'No Hawking' Zones. Specific areas should be earmarked for stationary and mobile street vendors by the concerned local authority in consultation with RWAs.
The local authorities should take up new designs of stalls, push-carts and mobile vans of various sizes and with cleaning facilities, giving due consideration to urban design requirement of specific area, where informal shopping is being permitted.
Defining the role and responsibility of NGOs along with specific obligations on part of hawkers towards the society for maintenance of law and order within the hawking zones and weekly markets.
An informal unit shall not be permitted within a distance equivalent to half the width of the road, from an intersection.
There are large numbers of informal sector units in the city but no organized clusters. There is a need to provide for organised informal eating-places along with casual shopping, etc. to be located strategically in the city and at the following locations:
Near TV Tower Pitampura.
Near sub C.B.D. Trans Yamuna Area.
Rohini
Geeta colony
Adjacent to transport nodes including ISBT
Implementing agency may identify locations as per requirement for such activities.
In new urban areas, informal bazaars could form part of the planned commercial areas at two levels. These could be implemented in the initial planning stages along with development of residential areas. The planning norms are given in the Table 5.3.
Weekly market, which is the traditional style of retail shopping, is quite popular in Delhi especially among the lower and middle-income groups. These markets are held in various areas. Further, parking and other open spaces within the service markets and commercial centres should be so planned that weekly markets can operate in these areas. The specific locations and timings of operation of such markets should be specified and regulated by the concerned local body.
The informal sector trade should be incorporated in the planned development in various use zones. The provision of informal sector trade units should be ensured at the time of sanction of building plans / layout plans as per the norms given in the Table5.3.
Table 5.3: Planning Norms
S.No.
Use Zones / Use premise
No. of Informal shops / Units
Retail trade: Metropolitan City Centre, District Centre, Community Centre, Convenience Shopping Centre,
3 to 4 units per 10 formal shops (to be provided in informal bazaar / service market components)
Government and Commercial Offices
5 to 6 units per 1000 employees
Wholesale trade and Freight Complexes
3 to 4 units per 10 formal shops
Hospital
3 to 4 units per 100 beds
Bus Terminal
1 unit for two bus bay
Schools
Primary Secondary /
Senior Secondary / Integrated
3 to 4 units /
5 to 6 units
Parks
District Parks
Neighbourhood parks
8 to 10 units at each major entry
2 to 3 units
Residential
1 unit / 1000 population
Industrial
Railways Terminus / MRTS Stations
To be based on surveys at the time of preparation of the project.
Table 5.4: Development Controls - Commercial Centres
Use / use premises
Maximum Coverage (%)
FAR
Height (mts)
Parking Standard ECS /100 sqm. Of floor area
Other controls
a)
Commercial Centres
i.
Convenience Shopping Centre/ Local Shopping Centre / Local Level Commercial areas
100
15
2
Max. 10% additional Ground Coverage shall be allowed for providing atrium only in LSC.
ii.
iii.
Organised Informal Bazaar.
8
iv.
Community Centre / Non- hierarchical Commercial Centre
25
125
NR*
3
Maximum 10% additional ground coverage shall be allowed for providing atrium.
v.
District Centre/ Sub-Central Business District/ Sub-City Level Commercial areas
150
b)
Metropolitan City Centre / Central Business District
Commercial Plot: Retail &Commerce Metropolitan City Centre i.e. Connaught Place & its Extension
The size of the plot shall be as in the layout of commercial area and any subdivisional of the plot in Connaught Place and its extension should not be permitted
The development controls shall be in accordance with the comprehensive plan of the area to be reframed by the local body.
iii. (a)
In case of Connaught Place, the existing height shall be maintained and FAR could be achieved by i n c r e a s i n g proportionate ground coverage.
(b)
No basement shall be permitted in middle circle of Connaught Place.
(c)
M a n d a t o r y Architectural Controls shall be applicable.
Commercial Complex at Fire Brigade Lane and Janpath Lane
Ground coverage and FAR shall be calculated on the area of presently available plots.
The area shall be developed on the basis of comprehensive scheme.
1[c)
Hotel
225#
3@
Maximum 10% ground coverage shall be allowed for providing atrium. In case, the permissible additional ground coverage for atrium is utilized, 25% of the utilized ground coverage shall be counted towards FAR.
Maximum 20 % of the FAR can be used for the Commercial offices, Retail & Service shops.
The enhanced FAR will be allowed subject to payment of charges to be prescribed / notified by the Government.]
d)
Service Apartments
30
e)
Any other
Subject to statutory clearances. The development controls can vary subject to approved scheme
Commercial Centre
(Including Commercial component along with Railway /MRTS Stations /ISBT)
Asaf Ali Road (the area shown as commercial strip in Delhi Gate - Ajmeri Gate scheme)
80
200
20
Setbacks are not mandatory In case of rebuilding stilts shall be provided for parking.
2[NR* - No Restriction, subject to clearance from AAI, Delhi Fire Service and other statutory bodies.]. FAR# - 3[The norms of 225 FAR and 40% ground coverage shall be applicable in respect of all hotels including hotel plots in (a) Commercial Centres (iv), (v) and (b) Metropolitan City Centre/Central Business District except those located in LBZ area, Civil Lines Bungalow Area and hotels existing on heritage structures. This shall apply to all categories of hotels mentioned at para 5.8. The FAR for Commercial Centres mentioned at Table 5.4(a) and (b) also shall stand enhanced automatically to that extent, for this purpose only if not available.]
1-2. Modified vide S.O. 2034(E) dated 12-08-2008
3. Modified vide S.O. 558(E) dated 26-02-2009
1[@In respect of hotels where the building plans stand sanctioned prior to 27.1.2006, parking standard of 3 ECS for 100 sqm of floor area shall be applicable only for the additional FAR which will be availed consequent upon amendment to MPD-2021. In respect of hotels where the building plans have been sanctioned on or after 27.1.2006, the parking standard of 3 ECS for 100 sqm of floor area shall be applicable to the entire plot.]
Notes:
i
The utilities such as, underground water storage tank, roof top water harvesting system, separate dry and wet dustbins, post-delivery counter etc. are to be provided within the plot. All hotels, restaurants, auto workshops, hospitals etc. will have to make arrangements for solid waste disposal and primary effluent treatment.
ii
Individual plot with floor area of 5000 sq.m. or above will provide ESS and generator within the plot. They have to submit energy consumption / audit at the time of sanction of building plans.
iii
Height subject to clearance from ASI, Airport Authority of India, Delhi Fire Service and concerned authority.
iv
Wherever parking is provided within the plot / basement and is misused, the same is liableto muncipalisation / taken over by the authority .
v
Wherever redevelopment of existing commercial areas stipulate preparation of a comprehensiv scheme, the same can be initiated jointly by the lessees / owners themselves and submitted to land owning agency / planning authority for approval. Wherever any enhancement in FAR is approved, the same will be subject to charging appropriate levies from the beneficiaries. For Metropolitan City Centre, in Special Area, development controls shall be as per approved scheme.
Table 5.5 : Definitions and Activities Permitted in Use Premises
Use premise
Definition
Activities permitted
Retail Shop
A premise for sale of commodities directly to consumer with necessary storage.
Retail Shop, Repair Shop, Personnel Service Shop.
Repair Shop
A premise equivalent of a retail shop for carrying out repair of household goods,electronic gadgets, automobiles, cycles etc.
Personnel Service Shop
A premise equivalent of retail shop providing personnel services like tailor barber etc.
Vending Booth
A premise in the form of booth for sale of commodities of daily needs either through a mechanical installation or otherwise.
A group of shops in residential area serving a population of about 5,000 persons.
As given in table 5.1.
A group of shops in residential area serving a population of about 10,000 persons.
As given in table 5.1
Commercial Office
A premise used for offices of profit making organizations.
Commercial Office, retail & personal Service Shop, Restaurant,Bank, Post & Telegraph Office.
Bank
A premise for offices to perform banking function and operation.
Bank, Watch & Ward Residence (upto 20 sqm.) commercial office, Canteen
Motor Garage and workshop
A premise for servicing and repair of automobiles.
Motor garage and Work Shop, retail shop (spare parts), Soft drinks and Snacks stall)
Cinema / Cineplex
A premise with facilities for projection of movies and stills with a covered space to seat audience.
Cinema, Watch & Ward Residence (upto 20 sqm.) Administrative Office, Soft Drink & Snack Stall, Retail Shop & Commercial office.
Restaurant
A premise used for serving food items on commercial basis including cooking facilities. It may have covered or open space or both for sitting arrangement.
A premise used for lodging of 15 persons or more.
Hotel, Banquet / Conferencing facilities, Restaurant, Swimming pool, Health Club, Food court, Discotheque. Commercial offices, retail & service shops to be restricted to 20% of floor area.
Service Apartment
A premise fully furnished, serviced and self contained with meal preparation used for short-term corporate and accommodation.
Guest suite, Conference facilities, Office, Retail and Service shops to be restricted up to 20% of floor area.
Informal Sector
Weekly Market
An area used once in a week by a group of informal shop establishments in the form of a market. These markets shift from one area to another on different days of the week.
Weekly market, informal Retail trade, Soft Drink and Snack Stall (All structures will be either temporary or mobile), only for one day in a week.
Informal Sector Unit
Retail / service unit, stationary or mobile, working without roof including small khokhas on roadside. Street vendor- A person who offers goods or services for sale to the public without having a permanent built up structure but with a temporary static structure or mobile stall (or head load).
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